Introduction to Information System free essay sample

The feedback mechanism is the component that helps organizations achieve their goals, such as increasing profits or improving customer service. 3. Components of Information System In an organization, information systems consist of the following components. These components will formulate a system, which will help us to gather the required information for making decision in various levels of management. Data input that the system takes to produce information. Hardware Computer itself and its peripheral equipment: input, output, storage devices; includes data communication equipment.Software Sets of instructions that tell the computer how to input, process, output and store data. Communication networks Hardware and software specializing in transmission and reception of electronic data. People IS professionals and users who design, construct, operate and maintain IS. Procedures Rules to process data, e. g. priorities in running different applications,security measures, routines for malfunctioning IS, etc INPUT – In Information Systems, input is the activity of gathering and capturing raw data. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Information System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Example: In producing paychecks, the number of hours every employee works must be collected before paychecks can be calculated or printed. Another example is the grading system in a University; instructors must submit student’s grades before a summary of grades for the semester or quarter can be compiled and sent to the students. PROCESSING – means converting or transforming data into useful outputs. Processing can involve making calculations, comparing data and taking alternative actions, and storing data for future use.Processing data into useful information is critical in business settings. Processing can be done manually or with computer assistance. Example: In payroll application, the number of hours each employee worked must be converted into net, or take-home, pay. OUTPUT – this involves producing useful information, usually in the form of documents and reports. In some cases, output from one system can become input for another. For example, output from a system that processes sales orders can be used as input to a customer billing system.Example: Paychecks for employees, reports for managers, and information supplied to stockholders, banks, government agencies, and other group is information from the system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities. Feedback is also important for managers and decision makers. For example, a furniture maker could use a computerized feedback system to link its suppliers and plants. The output from an information system might indicate that inventory levels for mahogany and oak are getting low – a potential problem.A manager could use this feedback to decide to order more wood from a supplier. These inventory orders then become input to the system. Forecasting can be used estimate future sales and order more inventory before a shortage occurs. This is also used to predict the strength of hurricanes and possible landing site, future stock-market values, and who will win a political election. 4. Information System Resources Information Systems Resources (ISR) enables the use of information systems in administrative functions so that those functions may be conducted in the most effective way possible.